biothings-mcp

MCP (Model Context Protocol) server for Biothings.io

This server implements the Model Context Protocol (MCP) for BioThings, providing a standardized interface for accessing and manipulating biomedical data. MCP enables AI assistants and agents to access specialized biomedical knowledge through structured interfaces to authoritative data sources. Supported BioThings data sources include:

mygene.info — Gene annotation and query service
myvariant.info — Variant annotation and query service
mychem.info — Chemical compound annotation and query service

If you want to understand more what is Model Context Protocol and how to use it more efficiently you can take DeepLearning AI Course or just search for MCP videos on YouTube.

About MCP (Model Context Protocol)

MCP is a protocol that bridges the gap between AI systems and specialized domain knowledge. It enables:

Structured Access: Direct connection to authoritative biomedical data sources
Natural Language Queries: Simplified interaction with specialized databases
Type Safety: Strong typing and validation through biothings-typed-client
AI Integration: Seamless integration with AI assistants and agents

Available API Interfaces

This server provides dedicated API interfaces for different BioThings data types, leveraging the biothings-typed-client library. These interfaces are implemented using the following tool handlers:

Gene Interface: GeneTools (wraps GeneClientAsync)
Variant Interface: VariantTools (wraps VariantClientAsync)
Chemical Interface: ChemTools (wraps ChemClientAsync)
Taxon Interface: TaxonTools (wraps TaxonClientAsync)
Download Interface: DownloadTools (provides file download and sequence analysis capabilities)

Local File Saving Features

The server includes local file saving capabilities through the DownloadTools interface, which provides:

Download Tools

download_entrez_data: Download data from NCBI Entrez databases (returns content as string)
download_entrez_data_local: Download data from NCBI Entrez databases and save to local file

Output Directory Management

Default Location: Files are saved to biothings_output/ directory in the current working directory
Custom Location: Use --output-dir parameter to specify a custom output directory
Automatic Creation: Output directories are created automatically if they don't exist
Unique Filenames: Auto-generated filenames include UUID prefixes to avoid conflicts

Supported File Formats

FASTA: .fasta extension for sequence data
GenBank: .gb extension for GenBank format data
Alignment: .aln extension for alignment results
JSON: .json extension for structured data
Text: .txt extension for general text data

Quick Start

Installing uv

bash

# Download and install uv
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

# Verify installation
uv --version
uvx --version

uvx is a very nice tool that can run a python package installing it if needed.

Running with uvx

You can run the biothings-mcp server directly using uvx without cloning the repository:

STDIO Mode (for MCP clients that require stdio, can be useful when you want to save files)

bash

# Run the server in STDIO mode (default mode)
uvx biothings-mcp

# Or explicitly specify stdio mode
uvx --from biothings-mcp stdio

# With custom output directory
uvx --from biothings-mcp stdio --output-dir ./my_data

HTTP Streamable Mode (Web Server)

bash

# Run the server in streamable HTTP mode on default port (3001)
uvx --from biothings-mcp server run

# Run on a custom port
uvx --from biothings-mcp server run --port 8000

# Run on custom host and port
uvx --from biothings-mcp server run --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8000

# With custom output directory
uvx --from biothings-mcp server run --output-dir ./my_data

SSE Mode (Server-Sent Events)

bash

# Run the server in SSE mode on default port (3001)
uvx --from biothings-mcp sse

# Run on a custom port
uvx --from biothings-mcp sse --port 8000

The HTTP streamable mode will start a web server that you can access at http://localhost:3001/mcp (with documentation at http://localhost:3001/docs). The STDIO mode is designed for MCP clients that communicate via standard input/output, while SSE mode uses Server-Sent Events for real-time communication.

Configuring your (Anthropic Claude Desktop, Cursor, Windsurf, etc.)

We provide stdio configuration using the proxy (might need npx to run):

mcp-config-remote.json - for remote configuration
mcp-config-stdio.json - stdio configuration for localhost for MCP clients which do not support

Inspecting Biothings MCP server

If you want to inspect the methods provided by the MCP use npx (you may need to install nodejs and npm)

Test your MCP setup with the MCP Inspector.

If you want to inspect local streamable-http server you use:

Terminal

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector --config mcp-config.json --server biothings-mcp

Add -remote suffix for the remote server.

If you want to inspect stdio local server you should use

Terminal

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector --config mcp-config-stdio.json --server biothings-mcp

You can also run inspector manually and put server parameters in the interface:

Terminal

npx @modelcontextprotocol/inspector

After that you can explore its methods with MCP Inspector at http://127.0.0.1:6274

Repository setup

bash

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/longevity-genie/biothings-mcp.git
cd biothings-mcp
uv sync

Running the MCP Server

If you already cloned the repo you can run the server with uv

bash

# Start the MCP server in HTTP streamable mode (default port 3001)
uv run server run

# Run in STDIO mode
uv run stdio

# Run in SSE mode
uv run sse

# Run with custom port
uv run server run --port 8000

# Run with custom output directory
uv run server run --output-dir ./my_data

Integration with AI Systems

To integrate this server with your MCP-compatible AI client, you can use one of the preconfigured JSON files provided in this repository:

For connecting to a locally running server: Use mcp-config.json. Ensure the server is running first, either via uv run server (see Running the MCP Server) or docker-compose up (see Docker Deployment).
For connecting to the publicly hosted server: Use mcp-config-remote.json. This connects to https://biothings.longevity-genie.info/mcp and doesn't require you to run anything locally.

Simply point your AI client (like Cursor, Windserve, ClaudeDesktop, VS Code with Copilot, or others) to use the appropriate configuration file.

Here's an example of how the tools might appear in an MCP client like Cursor after configuration:

Cursor Usage Example

KNOWN ISSUES

The library is beta-quality. The major problem right now is that LLM-s are often stupid and do not know how to put valid gene and gene variant symbols. We plan to mitigrate it by extending comments and providing additional method for entity resolution.

Testing & Verification

Run tests for the API endpoint:

bash

uv run pytest -vvv -s

You can use MCP inspector with locally build MCP server same way as with uvx

Note: Using the MCP Inspector is optional. Most MCP clients (like Cursor, Windsurv, etc.) will automatically display the available tools from this server once configured. However, the Inspector can be useful for detailed testing and exploration.

If you choose to use the Inspector via npx, ensure you have Node.js and npm installed. Using nvm (Node Version Manager) is recommended for managing Node.js versions.

This opens a web interface where you can explore and test all available tools.

Documentation

For detailed documentation about the MCP protocol and its implementation, refer to:

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.

Acknowledgments

BioThings for the REST API and original client library
MCP Protocol for the protocol specification
Pydantic for the data validation framework
FastAPI-MCP for the MCP server implementation
This project is part of the Longevity Genie organization, which develops open-source AI assistants and libraries for health, genetics, and longevity research.

We are supported by:

HEALES - Healthy Life Extension Society

and

IBIMA - Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research