perfonext-profiler-mcp

Analyze V8 and Chrome CPU profiles to find hotspots in Next.js servers and scripts.

perfonext-profiler-mcp is a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that gives GitHub Copilot, Claude Desktop, Claude Code, and other MCP clients structured CPU profiling data for Next.js performance work. It loads V8 and Chrome CPU profiles and turns them into hotspot rankings, per-package costs, and source-annotated hot lines — evidence agents can reason over instead of ingesting multi-megabyte profile dumps.

Quick Start

perfonext-profiler-mcp is a standard MCP stdio server, so it works with any MCP-compatible client (GitHub Copilot in VS Code, Claude Desktop, Claude Code, Cursor, and others). Run it directly with npx:

Terminal

npx -y @perfonext/profiler-mcp

Or install globally:

Terminal

npm install -g @perfonext/profiler-mcp

The executable command remains perfonext-profiler-mcp after installation.

VS Code

Add the server to .vscode/mcp.json (the workspace MCP configuration file):

config.json

{
  "servers": {
    "perfonext-profiler": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@perfonext/profiler-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

Reload the VS Code window and run MCP: List Servers to start it, or accept the trust prompt when it appears.

Claude Desktop

Add the server to claude_desktop_config.json:

config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "perfonext-profiler": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@perfonext/profiler-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

Restart Claude Desktop to pick up the new server.

Claude Code

Add the server with the CLI:

Terminal

claude mcp add perfonext-profiler -- npx -y @perfonext/profiler-mcp

Or add the same mcpServers entry to .mcp.json.

Other MCP clients

Any client that supports stdio MCP servers can launch npx -y @perfonext/profiler-mcp. Consult your client's documentation for its MCP server configuration format.

For a locally-built checkout, point command/args at node and the repo's dist/index.js instead.

Troubleshooting

`spawn npx ENOENT` / `spawn node ENOENT` on macOS with nvm

If the server fails to start with this error, your GUI MCP client likely cannot see nvm. GUI apps on macOS do not load shell config (.zshrc/.bashrc), so nvm-installed npx/node are not on PATH. Use an absolute npx path and include the same Node directory in PATH:

config.json

{
  "servers": {
    "perfonext-profiler": {
      "type": "stdio",
      "command": "/Users/YOU/.nvm/versions/node/v<version>/bin/npx",
      "args": ["-y", "@perfonext/profiler-mcp"],
      "env": {
        "PATH": "/Users/YOU/.nvm/versions/node/v<version>/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
      }
    }
  }
}

Merge these fields into your client's server entry, under servers for VS Code or mcpServers for Claude Desktop/Code. Then ask your assistant: "How do I capture a CPU profile of my Next.js server?"

What It Does

loads .cpuprofile files and Chrome trace exports that contain CPU profile data
identifies the hottest functions by self time, annotated with the originating npm package
explains caller and callee relationships for a selected function
reads actual source code for hot functions and annotates each line with V8 sample counts (v0.2.0)
aggregates CPU self-time per npm package to find expensive third-party dependencies (v0.3.0)
compares two profiles to surface regressions and improvements
returns deterministic optimization suggestions for common hotspots
summarizes loaded profiles so an MCP client can keep context tight

Tools

Tool	Description
`how_to_collect`	Return a ready-to-run command and step-by-step recipe for capturing a `.cpuprofile`, then loading it. Use this when you don't have a profile yet
`load_profile`	Parse and load a `.cpuprofile` file or Chrome trace export from disk
`get_hotspots`	Find top functions by self-time. Each entry includes a `package` field identifying the npm package or `(user code)`
`explain_function`	Explain a function's timing, callers, and callees. Pass `includeSource: true` to attach annotated source lines
`read_source_context`	Read the actual source file for a hot function and annotate each line with tick counts from `positionTicks`
`get_package_costs`	Aggregate CPU self-time by npm package — shows which dependencies are most expensive
`compare_profiles`	Compare two profiles and highlight regressions
`suggest_optimizations`	Generate structured, multi-pattern optimization suggestions for hot functions. Detects high fan-in, recursion, dominant callers, and V8-specific patterns. Deduplicates functions split across multiple call sites
`get_profile_summary`	Summarize one profile or list all loaded profiles

Every tool result carries a nextStep breadcrumb pointing at the natural follow-up call, so an MCP client can walk the collect → analyze → fix loop without guessing.

Example Prompts

"How do I capture a CPU profile of my Next.js server?"
"Load the CPU profile at ./profile.cpuprofile and show me the top hotspots."
"Which npm packages are consuming the most CPU in this profile?"
"Explain why processData is expensive in the loaded profile."
"Show me the actual source lines for processData and mark which lines are hottest."
"Explain transformResult and include the annotated source code."
"Compare my baseline and current CPU profiles and tell me what got slower."
"Suggest optimizations for the top three hotspots."

Deep Tool Reference

Per-tool input/output schemas and manual profile capture

`how_to_collect` details

jsonc

// Input
{ "scenario": "next-server" } // or "script"; defaults to "next-server"

// Output
{
  "scenario": "next-server",
  "summary": "Profile a production Next.js server while it handles a single request. ...",
  "command": "node --cpu-prof --cpu-prof-dir=./.perf-profiles ./node_modules/next/dist/bin/next start",
  "steps": [ "...", "load_profile({ filePath: \"./.perf-profiles/<file>.cpuprofile\" })" ],
  "outputDir": "./.perf-profiles",
  "nextStep": "After stopping the server, call load_profile with the .cpuprofile ..."
}

next-server profiles a production Next.js server while it serves a single request. If next start says standalone output is unsupported, use the script scenario with .next/standalone/server.js. script profiles that standalone server (or another Node entry). Keep the scenario to one route and one hit. Node writes one .cpuprofile per process/worker thread into the output directory. The Next server command uses Node CLI flags (not NODE_OPTIONS) so it is the same on Unix and Windows.

`read_source_context` details

jsonc

// Input
{ "profileId": "<id>", "functionName": "myFn", "contextLines": 10 }

// Output (per line)
{
  "lineNumber": 42,
  "content": "  for (let i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {",
  "ticks": 18,      // V8 samples that landed on this line
  "isHot": true     // true when ticks >= 50% of peak ticks for this function
}

The returned window is sized to cover the function's actual hot lines, not just a fixed radius around its declaration — a function's real bottleneck is often well past its function line. contextLines (default 10) sets the minimum padding around both the declaration and the hot lines; if any ticks still fall outside the returned window, the top-level result includes hiddenTicks (a count) and a warning telling you to retry with a larger contextLines. explain_function also accepts contextLines when called with includeSource: true.

Only files inside the current working directory can be read. file:// URLs and absolute paths are both handled; http://, node: builtins, and paths outside the project root are rejected.

`suggest_optimizations` details

jsonc

// Input
{ "profileId": "<id>", "limit": 5 }

// Output (per function)
{
  "function": "processData",
  "file": "file:///app/src/processor.js",
  "line": 10,
  "selfPercent": "18.2%",
  "patterns": [
    {
      "pattern": "high-fan-in",
      "detail": "Called from 6 distinct call sites (e.g. renderRow, buildTree, …)",
      "suggestion": "This function is a shared hot path. Ensure it is well-optimised and monomorphic …"
    },
    {
      "pattern": "hot-caller",
      "detail": "84% of calls come from \"renderRow\"",
      "suggestion": "Focus optimisation effort on \"renderRow\" rather than this function …"
    }
  ],
  "topSuggestion": "This function is a shared hot path …"
}

Patterns detected (multiple can fire for the same function):

Pattern	Trigger
`gc-pressure`	Function name matches GC/Scavenge/MarkCompact
`json-serialization`	`JSON.parse` / `JSON.stringify`
`regex-cost`	RegExp / `exec` / `test` calls
`v8-deopt`	Compile / Recompile / Optimize / Deoptimize
`high-fan-in`	≥ 3 distinct parent call sites
`recursion`	Function appears in its own descendant sub-tree
`hot-caller`	One caller accounts for ≥ 80% of call-site occurrences
`cpu-bound`	Fallback when no other pattern matches

Functions that appear at multiple call sites are automatically merged before ranking so the same logical function is only reported once.

`get_package_costs` details

jsonc

// Input
{ "profileId": "<id>", "limit": 10 }

// Output (per package)
{
  "rank": 1,
  "package": "lodash",
  "selfTime": "42.3ms",
  "selfPercent": "14.1%",
  "totalTimeIncludingCallbacks": "58.0ms",
  "totalPercentIncludingCallbacks": "19.3%",
  "topFunctions": [
    { "function": "chunk", "file": "lodash/chunk.js", "line": 41, "selfTime": "28.0ms", "selfPercent": "9.3%" }
  ]
}

selfTime is the time spent inside the package's own code. totalTimeIncludingCallbacks also counts everything the package called into — including your own callbacks handed back to it — so it can exceed what removing the package would actually save.

Scoped packages (@babel/core, @next/env, etc.) are handled correctly. User code and native builtins (no node_modules in the path) are excluded.

Generating a CPU Profile

Ask Copilot to call how_to_collect for a ready-to-run recipe, or generate one manually:

Next.js production server (profile a single request):

bash

node --cpu-prof --cpu-prof-dir=./.perf-profiles ./node_modules/next/dist/bin/next start
# hit the route once, then stop the process so it can exit and write the profile

If next start reports that standalone output is unsupported:

bash

node --cpu-prof --cpu-prof-dir=./.perf-profiles .next/standalone/server.js

Chrome DevTools:

Open DevTools and go to the Performance tab.
Record the scenario you want to inspect.
Stop recording and save the result as a .cpuprofile export.

Related Perfonext Tools

perfonext-render-mcp — React render analysis for Next.js apps
perfonext-build-mcp — Next.js bundle/build analysis

Development

Terminal

npm install
npm run build
npm test

The repository already includes sample fixtures under tests/fixtures/ for local validation.

License

MIT

perfonext-profiler-mcp

Quick Start

VS Code

Claude Desktop

Claude Code

Other MCP clients

Troubleshooting

spawn npx ENOENT / spawn node ENOENT on macOS with nvm

What It Does

Tools

Example Prompts

Deep Tool Reference

how_to_collect details

read_source_context details

suggest_optimizations details

get_package_costs details

Generating a CPU Profile

Related Perfonext Tools

Development

License

`spawn npx ENOENT` / `spawn node ENOENT` on macOS with nvm

`how_to_collect` details

`read_source_context` details

`suggest_optimizations` details

`get_package_costs` details