kwin-mcp

Model Context Protocol server for Linux desktop GUI automation on KDE Plasma 6 Wayland

Actively maintained fork of isac322/kwin-mcp. This fork ships the fixes users were waiting for: MCP Python SDK 2.x support, text input in virtual sessions (host keymap isolation), reliable window focus, bounded startup waits, silent input-drop fix, honest error contracts — see the changelog and releases. Install: uv tool install git+https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that enables AI agents (Claude Code, Cursor, and other MCP clients) to launch, interact with, and observe any Wayland application in a fully isolated virtual KWin session -- without affecting the user's desktop. It also supports live desktop automation by connecting to an existing KWin session (real desktop or container) for collaborative workflows. With 30 MCP tools covering mouse, keyboard, touch, clipboard, accessibility tree inspection, screenshot capture, and window management, kwin-mcp provides everything needed for end-to-end GUI testing and desktop automation on Linux.

Why kwin-mcp?
Use Cases
Quick Start
Configuration
Available Tools
How It Works
System Requirements
Installation
Limitations
Contributing
License

Why kwin-mcp?

Isolated sessions -- Each session runs in its own dbus-run-session + kwin_wayland --virtual sandbox. Your host desktop is never affected.
Live session support -- Connect to a real KDE Plasma desktop or a KWin instance inside a container (e.g. systemd-nspawn) for collaborative "share my screen" workflows.
No screenshots required for interaction -- The AT-SPI2 accessibility tree gives the AI agent structured widget data (roles, names, coordinates, states, available actions), so it can interact with UI elements without relying solely on vision.
Zero authorization prompts -- Uses KWin's private EIS (Emulated Input Server) D-Bus interface directly, bypassing the XDG RemoteDesktop portal. No user confirmation dialogs.
Works with any Wayland app -- Anything that runs on KDE Plasma 6 Wayland works: Qt, GTK, Electron, and more. Input is injected via the standard libei protocol.
Full input coverage -- Mouse, keyboard, multi-touch, and clipboard -- all injected through the isolated session for complete desktop automation.

Use Cases

Automated GUI Testing

Run end-to-end GUI tests for KDE/Qt/GTK applications in headless isolated sessions. kwin-mcp launches each app in its own virtual KWin compositor, interacts via mouse, keyboard, and touch input, then verifies results through screenshots and the accessibility tree -- all without a physical display.

AI-Driven Desktop Automation

Let AI agents like Claude Code autonomously operate desktop applications. The agent reads the accessibility tree to understand the UI, performs actions through 30 MCP tools, and observes the results via screenshots -- creating a complete feedback loop for any Wayland application.

Live Desktop Collaboration

Connect to your real desktop session and let Claude observe and interact with what you see. Use session_connect or pass --default-live-session to make live mode the default. Also supports attaching to KWin running inside containers (e.g. systemd-nspawn) for isolated agent desktops.

Headless GUI Testing in CI/CD

Integrate Linux desktop GUI testing into CI/CD pipelines. kwin-mcp's virtual sessions require no X11 or physical display server, making it suitable for headless environments like GitHub Actions or GitLab CI runners on Linux.

Kiosk and Embedded Device Automation

Automate kiosk interfaces and embedded Linux desktops running KDE Plasma or a bare KWin Wayland compositor. Use session_start for isolated virtual testing of kiosk UIs, or session_connect to attach directly to a live kiosk or embedded device session for real-time automation and diagnostics.

Quick Start

Requires KDE Plasma 6 on Wayland. See System Requirements for details.

1. Install

bash

# Using uv (recommended)
uv tool install git+https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp

# Or from a source checkout
git clone https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp.git
cd kwin-mcp
uv tool install .

2. Configure Claude Code

Add to your project's .mcp.json:

config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "kwin-mcp": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["kwin-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

3. Use it

Ask Claude Code to launch and interact with any GUI application:

Code

Start a KWin session, launch kcalc, and press the buttons to calculate 2 + 3.

Claude Code will autonomously start an isolated session, launch the app, read the accessibility tree to find buttons, click them, and take a screenshot to verify the result.

Configuration

Recommended: install as a plugin

The fastest way to wire kwin-mcp into your editor is to install one of the bundled plugins. Each plugin auto-registers the MCP server and ships the kwin-desktop-automation skill, which teaches the agent which tool to call when (session-mode selection, the observe → act → verify loop, US-QWERTY vs Unicode typing, AT-SPI2 coordinate translation, and other platform pitfalls).

Claude Code — install the plugin from the marketplace:

text

/plugin marketplace add VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp
/plugin install kwin-mcp@kwin-mcp

OpenCode — add the npm plugin to your opencode.json:

JSON Config

{
  "$schema": "https://opencode.ai/config.json",
  "plugin": ["@isac322/kwin-mcp-opencode"]
}

For the full integration guide (manual fallback, customising the skill, troubleshooting), see docs/ai-agent-integration.md.

Claude Code

Add to your project's .mcp.json:

config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "kwin-mcp": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["kwin-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

Or if installed globally:

config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "kwin-mcp": {
      "command": "kwin-mcp"
    }
  }
}

Claude Desktop

Add to your claude_desktop_config.json:

config.json

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "kwin-mcp": {
      "command": "uvx",
      "args": ["kwin-mcp"]
    }
  }
}

Running Directly

bash

# As an installed script
kwin-mcp

# As a Python module
python -m kwin_mcp

# Interactive CLI (REPL for rapid testing)
kwin-mcp-cli

# Live session mode (default to real desktop instead of virtual)
kwin-mcp --default-live-session
kwin-mcp-cli --default-live-session

Available Tools

Session Management (3 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`session_start`	`app_command?` `str`, `screen_width?` `int` (1920), `screen_height?` `int` (1080), `enable_clipboard?` `bool` (false), `keep_screenshots?` `bool` (false), `isolate_home?` `bool` (false), `keep_home?` `bool` (false), `env?` `dict`	Start an isolated KWin Wayland session, optionally launching an app. Set `enable_clipboard=true` to enable clipboard tools (requires `wl-clipboard`). Set `keep_screenshots=true` to preserve screenshot files after `session_stop`. Set `isolate_home=true` to create a temporary HOME with isolated XDG directories (config, data, cache, state), preventing apps from reading/writing host user settings. Set `keep_home=true` to preserve the isolated home directory after `session_stop`. Pass extra environment variables via `env`.
`session_connect`	`dbus_address?` `str`, `wayland_display?` `str`, `keep_screenshots?` `bool` (false)	Connect to an existing KWin session (real desktop or container). Defaults to `$DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS` and `$WAYLAND_DISPLAY`. Clipboard is always enabled. `session_stop` only disconnects without killing KWin or pre-existing apps.
`session_stop`	(none)	Stop the session and clean up. For virtual sessions: terminates KWin and all apps. For live sessions: disconnects without killing KWin or pre-existing apps.

Observation (3 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`screenshot`	`include_cursor?` `bool` (false)	Capture a screenshot of the virtual display (saved as PNG, returns file path)
`accessibility_tree`	`app_name?` `str`, `max_depth?` `int` (15), `role?` `str`	Get the AT-SPI2 widget tree with roles, names, states, and screen coordinates (translated from window-local coordinates via compositor-side window geometry). Use `role` to filter to specific element types (e.g. `"button"`, `"check box"`). Non-matching elements are hidden but their children are still traversed.
`find_ui_elements`	`query` `str`, `app_name?` `str`, `states?` `list[str]`	Search for UI elements by name, role, or description (case-insensitive). Returns screen coordinates suitable for `mouse_click` and friends. Optionally filter by AT-SPI2 states (e.g. `["focused"]`, `["active", "visible"]`). `query` can be empty when filtering by states only.

Mouse Input (6 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`mouse_click`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `button?` `str` ("left"), `double?` `bool`, `triple?` `bool`, `modifiers?` `list[str]`, `hold_ms?` `int` (0), `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Click at coordinates. Supports left/right/middle, single/double/triple click, modifier keys (e.g. `["ctrl", "shift"]`), and long-press via `hold_ms`.
`mouse_move`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Move the cursor (hover) to coordinates without clicking
`mouse_scroll`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `delta` `int`, `horizontal?` `bool`, `discrete?` `bool`, `steps?` `int` (1)	Scroll at coordinates. `delta` positive = down/right, negative = up/left. Use `discrete=true` for wheel ticks, `steps` to split into smooth increments.
`mouse_drag`	`from_x` `int`, `from_y` `int`, `to_x` `int`, `to_y` `int`, `button?` `str` ("left"), `modifiers?` `list[str]`, `waypoints?` `list[[x,y,dwell_ms]]`, `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Drag from one point to another with smooth interpolation. Supports custom `waypoints` for complex drag paths.
`mouse_button_down`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `button?` `str` ("left")	Press a mouse button at coordinates without releasing. Use with `mouse_button_up` for manual drag control.
`mouse_button_up`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `button?` `str` ("left")	Release a previously pressed mouse button at coordinates

Keyboard Input (5 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`keyboard_type`	`text` `str`, `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Type a string of text character by character (US QWERTY layout)
`keyboard_type_unicode`	`text` `str`, `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Type arbitrary Unicode text (Korean, CJK, etc.) via `wtype` or clipboard fallback (`wl-copy` + Ctrl+V). Requires `wtype` or `wl-clipboard` installed.
`keyboard_key`	`key` `str`, `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Press a key or key combination (e.g., `Return`, `ctrl+c`, `alt+F4`, `shift+Tab`)
`keyboard_key_down`	`key` `str`	Press and hold a key without releasing. Useful for holding modifiers across multiple actions (e.g., hold Ctrl while clicking items).
`keyboard_key_up`	`key` `str`	Release a previously held key

Touch Input (4 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`touch_tap`	`x` `int`, `y` `int`, `hold_ms?` `int` (0), `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Tap at coordinates. Use `hold_ms` for long-press gestures.
`touch_swipe`	`from_x` `int`, `from_y` `int`, `to_x` `int`, `to_y` `int`, `duration_ms?` `int` (300), `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Swipe from one point to another with configurable duration
`touch_pinch`	`center_x` `int`, `center_y` `int`, `start_distance` `int`, `end_distance` `int`, `duration_ms?` `int` (500), `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Two-finger pinch gesture. `end_distance < start_distance` = pinch in, `end_distance > start_distance` = pinch out.
`touch_multi_swipe`	`from_x` `int`, `from_y` `int`, `to_x` `int`, `to_y` `int`, `fingers?` `int` (3), `duration_ms?` `int` (300), `screenshot_after_ms?` `list[int]`	Multi-finger swipe gesture (2-5 fingers) for system gestures like workspace switching

Clipboard (2 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`clipboard_get`	(none)	Read the current clipboard text content. Requires `enable_clipboard=true` in `session_start` and `wl-clipboard` installed.
`clipboard_set`	`text` `str`	Set the clipboard text content. Same requirements as `clipboard_get`.

Window Management (3 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`launch_app`	`command` `str`, `env?` `dict`	Launch an application inside the running session. Returns PID and log path.
`list_windows`	(none)	List all accessible application windows with per-window titles and active/focused state markers via AT-SPI2
`focus_window`	`app_name` `str`	Focus a window by application name (case-insensitive match)

UI Polling (1 tool)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`wait_for_element`	`query` `str`, `app_name?` `str`, `timeout_ms?` `int` (5000), `poll_interval_ms?` `int` (200), `expected_states?` `list[str]`	Poll the accessibility tree until an element matching the query and/or states appears or timeout expires. Use `expected_states` to wait for state changes (e.g. `["active"]`, `["checked"]`). `query` can be empty when waiting for state changes only.

Advanced (3 tools)

Tool	Parameters	Description
`dbus_call`	`service` `str`, `path` `str`, `interface` `str`, `method` `str`, `args?` `list[str]`	Call any D-Bus method in the isolated session. Useful for controlling KWin scripting, app-specific D-Bus APIs, and system services.
`read_app_log`	`pid` `int`, `last_n_lines?` `int` (50)	Read stdout/stderr output of a launched app by PID. Set `last_n_lines=0` for all output.
`wayland_info`	`filter_protocol?` `str`	List Wayland protocols available in the session. Useful for verifying protocol access (e.g., `plasma_window_management`).

Frame capture: Many action tools accept an optional screenshot_after_ms parameter (e.g., [0, 50, 100, 200, 500]) that captures screenshots at specified delays (in milliseconds) after the action completes. This is useful for observing transient UI states like hover effects, click animations, and menu transitions without extra MCP round-trips. Frame capture uses the fast KWin ScreenShot2 D-Bus interface (~30-70ms per frame).

How It Works

Code

Claude Code / AI Agent
  |
  |  MCP (stdio)
  v
kwin-mcp server  (30 tools)       kwin-mcp-cli (interactive REPL)
  |                                  |
  +--- both delegate to AutomationEngine (core.py) ---+
  |
  |-- session_start (virtual) ---> dbus-run-session
  |                                 |-- at-spi-bus-launcher
  |                                 +-- kwin_wayland --virtual
  |                                       +-- [your app]
  |
  |-- session_connect (live) ----> existing KWin (real desktop / container)
  |
  |-- screenshot ---------------> KWin ScreenShot2 D-Bus (spectacle fallback)
  |
  |-- accessibility_tree -------> AT-SPI2 (via PyGObject)
  |-- find_ui_elements ---------> AT-SPI2 (via PyGObject)
  |-- wait_for_element ----------> AT-SPI2 (polling)
  |
  |-- mouse_* ------------------> KWin EIS D-Bus --> libei
  |-- keyboard_* ---------------> KWin EIS D-Bus --> libei
  |-- touch_* ------------------> KWin EIS D-Bus --> libei
  |    +-- screenshot_after_ms -> KWin ScreenShot2 D-Bus (fast frame capture)
  |
  |-- keyboard_type_unicode ----> wtype / wl-copy + Ctrl+V
  |-- clipboard_* --------------> wl-copy / wl-paste (wl-clipboard)
  |
  |-- launch_app / list_windows / focus_window
  |                                |-- subprocess spawn
  |                                +-- AT-SPI2 (via PyGObject)
  |
  |-- dbus_call -----------------> dbus-send (generic D-Bus)
  |-- read_app_log --------------> log file read
  +-- wayland_info --------------> wayland-info

Triple Isolation (+ Optional Home Isolation)

kwin-mcp provides three layers of isolation from the host desktop:

D-Bus isolation -- dbus-run-session creates a private session bus. The isolated session's services (KWin, AT-SPI2, portals) are invisible to the host.
Display isolation -- kwin_wayland --virtual creates its own Wayland compositor with a virtual framebuffer. No windows appear on the host display.
Input isolation -- Input events are injected through KWin's EIS interface into the isolated compositor only. The host desktop receives no input from kwin-mcp.
Home directory isolation (optional) -- When isolate_home=true is set in session_start, a temporary HOME directory is created with isolated XDG directories (XDG_CONFIG_HOME, XDG_DATA_HOME, XDG_CACHE_HOME, XDG_STATE_HOME). Apps in the session cannot read or modify host user settings (e.g. ~/.config/kdeglobals), improving test reproducibility and safety. XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is intentionally not isolated because the Wayland socket resides there.

Input Injection

Mouse, keyboard, and touch events are injected through KWin's private org.kde.KWin.EIS.RemoteDesktop D-Bus interface. This returns a libei file descriptor that allows low-level input emulation without requiring the XDG RemoteDesktop portal (which would show a user authorization dialog). The connection uses:

Absolute pointer positioning for precise coordinate-based interaction
evdev keycodes with full US QWERTY mapping for keyboard input
Smooth drag interpolation (10+ intermediate steps) for realistic drag operations
EIS touch emulation for multi-touch gestures (tap, swipe, pinch, multi-finger swipe)

Screenshot Capture

The screenshot tool captures via the KWin org.kde.KWin.ScreenShot2 D-Bus interface (~30-70ms per frame), with spectacle CLI as a fallback. For action tools with the screenshot_after_ms parameter, the same D-Bus interface is used for fast burst capture. Raw ARGB pixel data is read from a pipe and converted to PNG using Pillow.

Accessibility Tree

The AT-SPI2 accessibility bus within the isolated session is queried via PyGObject (gi.repository.Atspi). This provides a structured tree of all UI widgets with their roles (button, text field, menu item, etc.), names, states (focused, enabled, visible, etc.), screen coordinates, and available actions (click, toggle, etc.).

System Requirements

Requirement	Details
OS	Linux with KDE Plasma 6 (Wayland session)
Python	3.12 or later
KWin	`kwin_wayland` with `--virtual` flag support (KDE Plasma 6.x)
libei	Usually bundled with KWin 6.x (EIS input emulation)
spectacle	KDE screenshot tool (CLI mode)
AT-SPI2	`at-spi2-core` for accessibility tree support
PyGObject	GObject introspection Python bindings
D-Bus	`dbus-python` bindings

Optional dependencies:

Package	Required for
`wl-clipboard` (`wl-copy`, `wl-paste`)	`clipboard_get`, `clipboard_set`, and `keyboard_type_unicode` clipboard fallback
`wtype`	`keyboard_type_unicode` (preferred over clipboard fallback)
`wayland-utils` (`wayland-info`)	`wayland_info` tool

Installing System Dependencies

Arch Linux / Manjaro

bash

sudo pacman -S kwin spectacle at-spi2-core python-gobject dbus-python-common

# Optional: for clipboard and Unicode input
sudo pacman -S wl-clipboard wtype wayland-utils

Fedora (KDE Spin)

bash

sudo dnf install kwin-wayland spectacle at-spi2-core python3-gobject dbus-python

# Optional: for clipboard and Unicode input
sudo dnf install wl-clipboard wtype wayland-utils

openSUSE (KDE)

bash

sudo zypper install kwin6 spectacle at-spi2-core python3-gobject python3-dbus-python

# Optional: for clipboard and Unicode input
sudo zypper install wl-clipboard wtype wayland-utils

Kubuntu / KDE Neon

bash

sudo apt install kwin-wayland spectacle at-spi2-core python3-gi gir1.2-atspi-2.0 python3-dbus

# Optional: for clipboard and Unicode input
sudo apt install wl-clipboard wtype wayland-utils

Installation

Note: the kwin-mcp name on PyPI tracks the upstream project (isac322/kwin-mcp, v0.7.0, MCP SDK 1.x). This repository is the actively maintained fork (v0.8.2, MCP SDK 2.x); install it from git or from a source checkout. The uvx kwin-mcp config examples in the Configuration section resolve to the PyPI package.

Using uv (recommended)

bash

uv tool install git+https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp

Using pip

Terminal

pip install git+https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp

From source

bash

git clone https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp.git
cd kwin-mcp
uv sync
uv run kwin-mcp

Limitations

US QWERTY keyboard layout only -- keyboard_type supports US QWERTY only. For non-ASCII text (Korean, CJK, etc.), use keyboard_type_unicode, which requires wtype or wl-clipboard installed.
KDE Plasma 6+ required -- Older KDE versions or other Wayland compositors (GNOME, Sway) are not supported.
AT-SPI2 availability varies -- Some applications may not fully expose their widget tree via AT-SPI2.
Touch input is EIS-emulated -- Touch events are emulated through KWin's EIS interface, not from a real touchscreen device. Most applications handle emulated touch correctly, but some may behave differently from physical touch.
Clipboard requires opt-in -- Clipboard tools (clipboard_get, clipboard_set) are disabled by default because wl-copy can hang in isolated sessions. Enable with enable_clipboard=true in session_start, and ensure wl-clipboard is installed.
QMenu (native context menus) may not appear in AT-SPI2 -- Qt's AT-SPI2 bridge has incomplete support for popup menus on Wayland. Context menus may not be visible in accessibility_tree or find_ui_elements. Workaround: use screenshot to visually locate menu items and click by coordinates.
Screen edge triggers do not work with EIS input -- Auto-hide panels and layer-shell trigger strips rely on Wayland surface input routing, which may not respond to EIS-injected pointer events. Workaround: use dbus_call with KWin scripting or keyboard shortcuts instead.
AT-SPI2 coordinate translation is best-effort -- Wayland clients report window-local coordinates (they do not know their global screen position by design). kwin-mcp translates them to true screen coordinates using each window's compositor-side geometry (queried from KWin scripting, matched by caption). If a window cannot be matched, its coordinates fall back to window-local -- cross-reference with screenshot to disambiguate.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! See CONTRIBUTING.md for development setup, code style guidelines, and the pull request process.

bash

git clone https://github.com/VibeProgramm/kwin-mcp.git
cd kwin-mcp
uv sync
uv run ruff check src/
uv run ruff format --check src/
uv run ty check src/

License

MIT

Kwin MCP README

kwin-mcp

Table of Contents

Why kwin-mcp?

Use Cases

Automated GUI Testing

AI-Driven Desktop Automation

Live Desktop Collaboration

Headless GUI Testing in CI/CD

Kiosk and Embedded Device Automation

Quick Start

Configuration

Recommended: install as a plugin

Claude Code

Claude Desktop

Running Directly

Available Tools

Session Management (3 tools)

Observation (3 tools)

Mouse Input (6 tools)

Keyboard Input (5 tools)

Touch Input (4 tools)

Clipboard (2 tools)

Window Management (3 tools)

UI Polling (1 tool)

Advanced (3 tools)

How It Works

Triple Isolation (+ Optional Home Isolation)

Input Injection

Screenshot Capture

Accessibility Tree

System Requirements

Installing System Dependencies

Installation

Using uv (recommended)

Using pip

From source

Limitations

Contributing

License